Risques de l'alimentation artificielle
- Feuillet n° 25. Risques de l'alimentation
artificielle
-
- Risques pour le nourrisson et l'enfant
-
- Revue
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- 1. Walker M. A fresh look at the risks of artificial
feeding. J Hum Lact 1993;9:97-107
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and health in the 1980?s: a global epidemiologic
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- Cognitive Development
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- CD (review): Andraca I, Uauy R. Breastfeeding
for optimal mental development. Simopoulos AP, Dutra
de Oliveira JE, Desai ID (eds): Behavioral and Metabolic
Aspects of Breastfeeding. World Rev Nutr Diet. Basel,
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and cognitive development in the first 2 years of
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child development at five years. Dev Med Child Neurol
1984;26:73-80
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C. Breastmilk and subsequent intelligence quotient
in children born preterm. Lancet 1992;339:261-4
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- CD-4: Nettleton JA. Are n-3 fatty acids essential
nutrients for fetal and infant development. J Am
Diet Assoc 1993;93:58-64
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- CD-5: Rogan WJ, Gladen BC. Breastfeeding and cognitive
development. Early Hum Dev 1993;31:181-93
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- CD-6: Silver LB, Levinson RB, Laskin CR, Pilot
LJ. Learning disabilities as a probable consequence
of using chloride-deficient infant formula. J Pediatr
1989;115:97-9
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- CD-7: Willoughby A, Moss HA, Hubbard VS, Bercu
BB, Graubard BI, Vietze PM, et al. Developmental
outcome in children exposed to chloride deficient
formula. Pediatrics 1987;79:851-7
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- CD-8: Wing CS. Defective infant formulas and expressive
language problems: a case study. Language, Speech
and Hearing Services in Schools 1990;21:22-7
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- CD-9: Crawford MA. The role of essential fatty
acids in neural development: implications for perinatal
nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57(suppl):703S-10S
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- CD-10: Temboury MC, Otero A, Polanco I, Arribas
E. Influence of breastfeeding on the infant?s intellectual
development. J Pediatric Gastroenterol Nutr 1994;18:32-36
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- CD-11: Pollock JI. Longterm associations with
infant feeding in a clinically advantaged population
of babies. Dev Med Child Neur 1994;36:429-40
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- CD-12: Makrides M, Neumann MA, Byard RW, Simmer
K, Gibson RA. Fatty acid composition of brain, retina
and erythrocytes in breast and formula fed infants.
Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:189-94
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- CD-14: Anderson GJ, Connor WE, Corliss JD. Docosohexaenoic
acid is the preferred dietary n-3 fatty acid for
the development of the brain and retina. Pediatr
Res 1990;27:87-97
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L, Luck S. Biochemical and functional effects of
prenatal and postnatal fatty acid deficiency on
retina and brain in rhesus monkeys. Proc Natl Acad
Sc USA 1986;83:4021-5
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feeding and mental and motor development at 18 months
of age in first born singletons. Int J Epidem 1995;24
(Suppl 1):S21-6
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- CD-17: Wang YS, Wu SY. The effect of exclusive
breastfeeding on development and incidence of infection
in infants. JHL 1996;12:27-30
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- CD-18: Greene LC, Lucas A, Livingstone BE, Harland
PSEG, Baker BA. Relationship between early diet
and subsequent cognitive performance during adolescence.
Biochem Soc Trans 1995;23:376S
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- CD-19: Riva E, Agostoni C, Biasucci G, Trojan
S, Luotti D, Fiori L, et al. Early breastfeeding
is linked to higher intelligence quotient scores
in dietary treated phenylketonuric children. Acta
Pædiatr 1996;85:56-8
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- CD-20: Niemelä A, Järvenpää
A-L. Is breastfeeding beneficial and maternal smoking
harmful to the cognitive development of children?
Acta Pædiatr 1996;85:1202-6
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- CD-21: Rodgers B. Feeding in infancy and later
ability and attainment: a longitudinal study. Devel
Med Child Neurol 1978;20:421-6
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- CD-22: Horwood LJ, Fergusson DM. Breastfeeding
and later cognitive and academic outcomes. Pediatrics
1998;101:p. e9
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- Mort Subite du Nourrisson
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- SIDS-1: Mitchell EA, Scragg R, Stewart AW, Becroft
DMO, Taylor BJ, For RPK, et al. Results from the
first year of the New Zealand cot death study. NZ
Med J 1991;104:71-6
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- Insulin Dependent Diabetes
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- Working Group on Cow?s Milk Protein and Diabetes
Mellitus of the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Infant feeding practices and their possible relationship
to the etiology of diabetes mellitus. Pediatrics
1994;94:752-4
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- JD-1: Karjalainen J, Martin JM, Knip M, Ilonen
J, Robinson BH, Savilahti E, et al. A bovine albumin
peptide as a possible trigger of insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus. N Eng J Med 1992;327:302-7
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- JD-2: Mayer EJ, Hamman RF, Gay EC, Lezotte DC,
Savitz DA, Klingensmith J. Reduced risk of IDDM
among breastfed children. Diabetes 1988;37:1625-32
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- JD-3: Virtanen SM, Räsänen L, Ylönen
K, Aro A, Clayton D, Langlholz B, et al. Early introduction
of dairy products associated with increased risk
of IDDM in Finnish children. Diabetes 1993;42:1786-90
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- JD-4: Virtanen SM, Räsänen L, Aro A,
Lindström J, Sippola H, Lounamaa R, et al.
Infant feeding in Finnish children <7 yr of age
with newly diagnosed IDDM. Diabetes Care 1991;14:415-17
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- JD-5: Gerstein HC. Cow?s milk exposure and type
I diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1994;17:13-9
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- JD-6: Kostraba JN, Cruickshanks KJ, Lawler-Heavner
J, Jobim LF, Rewers MJ, Gay EC, et al. Early exposure
to cow?s milk and solid foods in infancy, genetic
predisposition, and risk of IDDM. Diabetes 1993;42:288-95
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- JD-7: Pérez-Bravo F, Carrasco E, Gutierrez-López
MD, Martínez MT, López G, García
de los Rios M. Genetic predisposition and environmental
factors leading to the development of insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus in Chilean children. J Mol Med
1996;74:105-9
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- Intolérance et allergie au lait de vache
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- CM-1: Høst A. Importance of the first meal
on the development of cow?s milk allergy and intolerance.
Allergy Proc 1991;12:227-32
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- Maladies respiratoires
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- RI-1: Pullan CR, Toms GL, Martin AJ, Gardner PS,
Webb JKG, Appleton DR. Breastfeeding and respiratory
syncytial virus infection. Br Med J 1980;281:1034-6
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- RI-2: Chiba Y, Minagawa T, Mito K, Nakane A, Suga
K, Honjo T, Nakao T. Effect of breastfeeding on
responses of systemic interferon and virus-specific
lymphocyte transformation with respiratory syncytial
virus infection. J Med Virology 1987;21:7-14
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- RI-3: Wright AL, Holberg CJ, Martinez FD, Morgan
WJ, Taussig LM. Breastfeeding and lower respiratory
tract illness in the first year of life. Br Med
J 1989;299:946-9
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- RI-4: Porro E, Indinnimeo L, Antognoni G, Midulla
F, Criscione S. Early wheezing and breastfeeding.
J Asthma 1993;30:23-8
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- RI-5: Burr ML, Limb ES, Maguire JM, Amarah L,
Eldridge BA, Layzell JCM, Merret TG. Infant feeding,
wheezing, and allergy: a prospective study. Arch
Dis Child 1993;68:724-28
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- RI-6: Pisacane A, Graziano L, Zona G, Granata
G, Dolezalova H, Cafiero M, et al. Breastfeeding
and acute lower respiratory infection. Acta Pædiatr
1994;83:714-18
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- RI-7: Beaudry M, Dufour R, Marcoux S. Relation
between infant feeding and infections during the
first six months of life. J Pediatr 1995;126:191-7
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- RI-8: Okamoto Y, Ogra PL. Antiviral factors in
human milk: implications in respiratory syncytial
virus infection. Acta Pædiatr Scand Suppl
1989;351:137-43
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- RI-9: Downham MAPS, Scott R, Sims DG, Webb JKG,
Gardner PS. Breastfeeding protects against respiratory
syncytial virus infections. Br Med J 1976;2:274-6
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- RI-10: Wright AL, Holberg CJ, Taussig LM, Martinez
FD. Relationship of infant feeding to recurrent
wheezing at age 6 years. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
1995;149:758-63
-
- RI-11: Yue Chen. Synergistic effect of passive
smoking and artificial feeding on hospitalization
for respiratory illness in early childhood. Chest
1989;95:1004-07
-
- Otites
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- OM-1: Saarinen UM. Prolonged breastfeeding as
prophylaxis for recurrent otitis media. Acta Pediatr
Scand 1982;71:567-71
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- OM-2: Teele DW, Klein JO, Rosner B. Epidemiology
of otitis media during the first seven years of
life in children in greater Boston: a prospective
cohort study. J Infect Dis 1989;160:83-94
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- OM-3: Duncan B, Ey J, Holberg CJ, Wright AL, Martinez
FD, Taussig LJ. Exclusive breastfeeding for at least
4 months protects against otitis media. Pediatrics
1993;91:867-72
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- OM-4: Owen MJ, Baldwin CD, Swank PR, Pannu AK,
Johnson DL, Howie VM. Relation of infant feeding
practices, cigarette smoke exposure and group child
care to the onset and duration of otitis media with
effusion in the first two years of life. J Pediatr
1993;123:702-11
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- OM-5: Harabuchi Y, Faden H, Yamanaka N, Duffy
L, Wolf J, Krystofik D. Human milk secretory IgA
antibody to nontypeable Hæmophilus influenzæ:
Possible protective effects against nasopharyngeal
colonization. J Pediatr 1994;124:193-8
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- OM-6: Aniansson G, Alm B, Andersson B, Håkansson
A, Larsson P, Nylén O, et al. A prospective
cohort study on breastfeeding and otitis media in
Swedish infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1994;13:183-8
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- OM-7: Paradise JL, Elster BA, Tan L. Evidence
in infants with cleft palate that breast milk protects
against otitis media. Pediatrics 1994;94:853-60
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- OM-8: Sassen ML, Brand R, Grote JJ. Breastfeeding
and acute otitis media. Am J Otolaryn 1994;15:351-7
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- OM-9: Dewey KG, Heinig J, Nommsen-Rivers LA. Differences
in morbidity between breastfed and formula fed infants.
J Pediatr 1995;126:696-702 (risk also increased
in FF infant for otitis)
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- Risques pour le prématuré
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- P-1: Lucas A, Cole TJ. Breastmilk and neonatal
necrotizing enterocolitis. Lancet 1990;336:1519-23
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- P-2: El-Mohandes AE, Picard MB, Simmens SJ, Keiser
JF. Use of human milk in the intesive care nursery
decreases the incidence of nosocomial sepsis. J
Perinatol 1997;17:130-4
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- P-3: Daniels L, Gibson R, Simmer K. Selenium status
of preterm infants: the effect of postnatal age
and method of feeding. Acta Pædiatr 1997;86:281-8
(M:23)
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- P-4: Uauy RD, Birch DG, Birch EE, Tyson JE, Hoffman
DR. Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on retinal
function of very low birth weight neonates. Pediatr
Res 1990;28:485-92 (M:18)
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- P-5: Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ, Lister G, Leeson-Payne
C. Breastmilk and subsequent intelligence quotient
in children born preterm. Lancet 1992;339:261-4
(CD: 3)
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- P-6: Bishop NJ, Dahlenburg SL, Fewtrell MS, Morley
R, Lucas A. Early diet of preterm infants and bone
mineralization at age five years. Acta Paediatr
1996;85:230-6
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- P-7: Carlson SE, Rhodes PG, Ferguson MG. Docosahexaenoic
acid status of preterm infants at birth and following
feeding with human milk or formula. Am J Clin Nutr
1986;44:798-804
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- P-8: Foreman-van Drongelen MMHP, van Houwelingen
AC, Kester ADM, Hasaart THM, Blanco CE, Hornstra
G. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in preterm
infants: status at birth and its influence on postnatal
levels. J Pediatr 1997;126:611-8
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- P-9: Bier JB, Ferguson AE, Morales Y, Liebling
JA, Oh W, Vohr BR. Breastfeeding infants who were
extremely low birth weight. Pediatrics 1997;100:p
e3
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- Cancer de l'enfance
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- CC-1: Schwartzbaum JA, George SL, Pratt CB, Davis
B. An exploratory study of environmental and medical
factors potentially related to childhood cancer.
Med pediatr Oncol 1991;19:115-21
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- CC-2: Davis MK, Savitz DA. Graubard BI. Infant
feeding and childhood cancer. Lancet 1988;2:365-8
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R, Vena JE, Bandera E, et al. Exposure to breastmilk
in infancy and the risk of breast cancer. Epidemiology
1994;5:324-31
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- Maladies gastrointestinales
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- GI-1: Koletzko S, Sherman P, Corey M, Griffiths
A, Smith C. Role of infant feeding practices in
the developement of Crohn?s disease in childhood.
Br Med J 1989;298:1617-8
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- GI-2: Greco L, Auricchio S, Mayer M, Grimaldi
M. Case control study on nutritional risk factors
in celiac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
1988;7:395-8
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- GI-3: Duffy LC, Byers TE, Riepenhoff-Talty M,
La Scolea L, Zielezny M, Ogra PL. The effects of
infant feeding on rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis.
A prospective study. Am J Pub Health 1986;76:259-63
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R. Breastfeeding as a protection against gastroenteritis
and other infections. Acta Pediatr Scand 1985;74:641-2
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- GI-5: Ruiz-Palacios GM, Calva JJ, Pickering LK,
Lopez-Vidal Y, Volkow P, Pezzarossi H, et al. Protection
of breastfed infants against Campylobacter diarrhea
by antibodies in human milk. J Pediatr 1990;116:707-13
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- GI-6: Cruz JR, Gil L, Cano F, Caceres P, Pareja
G. Breastmilk anti-Escherichia coli heat labile
toxin IgA antibodies protect against toxin-induced
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- GI-7: Gillin FD, Reiner DS, Wang C-S. Human milk
kills parasitic intestinal protozoa. Science 1983;221:1290-2
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- GI-8: France GL, Marmer DJ, Steele RW. Breastfeeding
and Salmonella infection. Am J Dis Child 1980;134:147-52
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milk and soya feeds in acute infantile diarrhea:
A therapeutic trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
1990;10:193-8
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of acute diarrheal diseases in children in a high
standard of living rural settlement in Israel. Pediatr
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A, Du V Florey C. Protective effect of breastfeeding
against infection. Br Med J 1990;300:11-6
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La Scolea LJ, Zielezny MA, Dryja DM et al. Modulation
of rotavirum enteritis during breastfeeding. Am
J Dis Child 1986;140:1164-8
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diet and salmonellosis. Am J Pub Health 1991;81:997-1000
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- GI-14: Scariati PD, Grummer-Strawn LM, Fein SB.
A longitudinal analysis of infant morbidity and
the extent of breastfeeding in the United States.
Pediatrics 1997;99, June 1997;e5 (also for otitis
media)
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- Infections de l'appareil urinaire
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B, Zona G. Breastfeeding and urinary tract infection.
J Pediatr 1992;120:87-9
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- Malocclusion
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- MA-1: Labbock MH, Hendershot GE. Does breastfeeding
protect against malocclusion? An analysis of the
1981 child health supplement to the national health
interview survey. Am J Prev Med 1987;3:227-32
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- Préparation pour nourrisson comme cocktails
de métaux lourds
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- HM-1: Koo WWK, Kaplan LA, Krug-Wispe SK. Aluminum
contamination of infant formulas. J Parenteral Enteral
Nutrition 1988;12:170-3
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- HM-2: Davidsson L, Cederblad Å, Lönnerdal
B, Sandström B. Manganese absorption from human
milk, cow?s milk and infant formulas in humans.
Am J Dis Child 1989;143:823-7
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- HM-3: Dabeka RW, McKenzie AD. Lead and cadmium
levels in commercial infant foods and dietary intake
by infants 0-1 year old. Food Additives and Contaminants
1988;5:333-42
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- Autres contaminations dues à l'alimentation
de substitution
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- C-1: Mytjens HL, Roelofs-Willemse H, Jaspar GHJ.
Quality of powdered substitutes for breastmilk with
regard to members of the family Enterobacteriaceæ.
J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:743-6
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- C-2: Biering G, Karlsson S, Clark NC, Jonsdottir
KE, Ludvigsson P, Steingrimsson O. Three cases of
neonatal meningitis caused by Enterobacter sakazakii
in powdered milk. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27:2054-6
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- C-3: Westin JB. Ingestion of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines
by infants and children. Arch Environmental Health
1990;45:359-63
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- Allergies
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MF. Early diet of preterm infants and development
of allergic or atopic disease: randomized prospective
study. Br Med J 1990;300:837-40
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- A-2: Kajosaari M, Saarinen UM. Prophylaxis of
atopic disease by six months? total solid food elimination.
Acta Pediatr Scand 1983;72:411-14
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after ingestion of a recently introduced hydrolyzed
whey protein protein formula. J Pediatr 1991;118:74-7
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prophylaxis against atopic disease: prospective
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- A-5: Saylor JD, Bahna SL. Anaphylaxis to casein
hydrolysate formula. J Pediatr 1991;118:71-4
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of a dietary and environmental prevention programme
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- M-1: McJunkin JE, Bithoney WG, McCormick MC. Errors
in formula concentration in an outpatient population.
J Pediatr 1987;111:848-50
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TL. Low serum calcium and high parathyroid hormone
levels in neonates fed "humanized" cow?s
milk-based formula. Am J Dis Child 1991;145:941-5
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in German infants fed breastmilk or different formulas.
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of solid foods protect against subsequent obesity?
J Pediatr 1981;98:883-7
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Proc Roy Soc Med. 1976;69:611-5
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R, Mandarini A, Florio C, Vivo P. Breastfeeding
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- M-5: Birch E, Birch D, Hoffman D, Hale L, Everett
M, Uauy R. Breastfeeding and optimal visual development.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1993;30:33-8
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- M-6: Makrides M, Simmer K, Googin M, Gibson RA.
Erythrocyte docosahexaenoic acid correlates with
the visual response of healthy, term infants. Pediatr
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and acceptance of solid foods. Pediatrics 1994;93:271-77
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K, Facklam RR, Smith JD, et al. Primary invasive
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A population-based assessment of risk factors. J
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P-R, Kela E, Rekola P, Mäkelä PH. Risk
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- M-10: Michaelsen KM, Johansen JS, Samuelson G,
Price PA, Christiansen C, Skakkebæk NE. Serum
bone Gla protein (BGP, Osteocalcin) in infants:
Values positively correlated with human milk intake.
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- M-11: Jones EG, Matheny RJ. Relationship between
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management of protracted diarrh?a of infancy. Arch
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- M-13: Osborn GR. Stages in development of coronary
disease observed from 1,500 young subjects. Relationship
of hypotension and infant feeding to ætiology.
Watson Smith Lecture, delivered to the Royal College
of Physicians of London, January 11, 1965.
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- M13a: Bergström E, Hernell O, Persson LÅ,
Vessby B. Serum lipid values in adolescents are
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growth. Atherosclerosis 1995;117:1-13
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intoxication in infants. Am J Dis Child 1991;145:985-90
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Am J Dis Child 1991;145:981-2
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in infancy. Pediatrics 1992;89:87-90
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- M-17: Nako Y, Fukushima N, Tomomasa T, Nagashima
K. Hypervitaminosis D after prolonged feeding with
a premature formula. Pediatrics 1993;92:862-3
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- M-18: Uauy RD, Birch DG, Birch EE, Tyson JE, Hoffman
DR. Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on retinal
function of very low birth weight neonates. Pediatr
Res 1990;28:485-92
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- M-19: Hahn-Zoric M, Fulconis F, Minoli I, Moro
G, Carlsson B, Böttiger M, et al. Antibody
responses to parenteral and oral vaccines are impaired
by conventional and low protein formulas as compared
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Chin J. Protective role of human milk against sudden
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- M-22: Hasselbalch H, Jeppesen DL, Engelmann MDM,
Michaelson KF, Nielson MB. Decreased thymus size
in formula-fed compared with breastfed infants.
Acta Pædiatr 1996;85:1029-32
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- M-23: Daniels L, Gibson R, Simmer K. Selenium
status of preterm infants: the effect of postnatal
age and method of feeding. Acta Pædiatr 1997;86:281-8
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WC, Bennett PH. Breastfeeding and incidence of non-insulin-dependent
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- Lait maternel comme "antimicrobien"
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- AM-1: Yoshioka H, Ken-ichi I, Fujita K. Development
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1983;72:317-21
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- AM-2: Hernell O, Ward H, Bläckberg L, Pereira
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An effect mediated by lipolysis of milk lipids.
J Infectious Diseases 1986;153:715-20
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- AM-3: Andersson B, Porras O, Hanson LA, Lagergård
T, Svanborg-Edén C. Inhibition of attachment
of Streptococcus pneumoniæ and Hæmophilus
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J Infectious Diseases 1986;153:232-7
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study of neoplasia and steroid contraceptives. Lactation
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- Ostéoporose
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- Cancer du sein
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PA, Rubin GL, Ory HW and the cancer and steroid
hormone study group. The independent associations
of parity, age at first full term pregnancy, and
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protective effect of lactation on risk of breast
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BE. Risk factors for breast cancer in Chinese women
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Breast cancer and breastfeeding: results from an
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- Perte de poids
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weight loss patterns during prolonged lactation.
Am J Clin Nutr 1993;58:162-6
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Risques pour la société
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birth spacing, and their effects on child survival.
Nature 1988;335:679-82
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(available on request)
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a part of natural family planning? Biology and policy.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991;165:2014-9
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Compilé by Dr. Jack Newman
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- Revisé: January 16, 1998
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